Becoming a Dutch national outside the Netherlands or in the Netherlands Caribbean
Who can apply for Dutch nationality abroad?
The Kingdom of the Netherlands includes the European part of the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten and the public bodies Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba. If you have a residence permit to live in the Netherlands Caribbean: in Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius or Saba, or if you live in another country outside the Kingdom of the Netherlands, and you wish to apply for Dutch nationality, this information will be useful to you.
Requirements
To become a Dutch national you need to apply for Dutch nationality. You can do this by means of a naturalisation application. It may be possible to obtain Dutch nationality more quickly by means of an option application.
- Requirements and process for Dutch nationality through naturalisation
- Requirements and process for Dutch nationality through option
Additional requirements application outside the Netherlands
Are you applying for Dutch nationality outside the Netherlands or in the Netherlands Caribbean? Please, take into account these possible additional requirements:
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Country of nationality
open minusAre you living in the country of your nationality? It is not possible to apply for Dutch nationality from that country.
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Naturalisation application outside the Netherlands
open minusYou can only apply for naturalisation if you have had Dutch nationality before and want to regain it, or if you are married to, or the registered partner of, someone with Dutch nationality. You must also meet the conditions for a Dutch residence permit, for example for staying with a partner, or re-entry for former Dutch citizens who wish to return to the Netherlands. You do not have to apply for the residence permit before you apply for naturalisation.
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Civic integration when living the Netherlands Carribean
open minusDo you want to apply for Dutch citizenship through naturalisation? And are you living in the Netherlands Caribbean? Then, this additional language requirement applies to civic integration:
Are you living in Aruba, Curaçao or Bonaire? Besides Dutch you need to be able to speak, read, write and understand Papiamento.
Are you living in Sint Maarten, Sint Eustatius or Saba? Besides Dutch you need to be able to speak, read, write and understand English.
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Public order policy in the Netherlands Caribbean
open minusYou must not be a danger to public order if you want to become a Dutch citizen. Do you live in the Netherlands Caribbean? And are you suspected of a crime or have you been convicted of a crime? Then you are a danger to public order in the following situations.
Suspected of a crime
You are suspected of a crime and your criminal case is still ongoing.
Either you have been convicted of a crime and can still appeal or your appeal is ongoing. This does not apply in the following cases:- You have been convicted and you have received a fine, transaction, penalty order or measure against financial advantage of less than Afl. 1.000,-, $ 560.- or Naf. 1000,- for this crime.
- You live on Bonaire, Saba or Sint-Eustatius and have been given community service order of less than 36 hours.
- You live in Aruba, Curaçao or Sint Maarten and you have been given community service of less than 40 hours.
Convicted of a crime
You have been convicted of a crime in the 5-year period before your application for naturalisation or option. Or you were convicted after the application, but before the decision on the application was made. You have received a conditional or unconditional sentence for this crime in the Kingdom of the Netherlands or abroad. You have received one of the following sentence:
- A custodial sentence, for example a prison sentence or a placement under a hospital order (in Dutch: TBS).
- A community service of 36 hours or more. Do you live in Aruba, Curaçao or Sint Maarten? Then this involves a community service of 40 hours or more. Unless you had to do this community service because you could not pay a fine of less than Afl. 1.000,-, $ 560.- or Naf. 1000,-.
- Multiple community service orders of 18 hours or more each. And in total, you have received 54 hours of community service or more. Do you live in Aruba, Curaçao or Sint Maarten? Then this involves multiple community service orders of 20 hours or more each. And in total, you have received 60 hours of community service or more.
- A fine, penalty order or transaction of Afl. 1.000,-, $ 560.- or
Naf. 1000,- or more. - A measure of Afl. 1.000,-, $ 560.- or Naf. 1000,- or more against the financial advantage that you have received as a result of a criminal offense (unlawful advantage). For example, you have received money or goods as a result of the crime. You must pay this money or the value of these goods to the government.
- Multiple criminal orders, transactions, fines or measures against the financial advantage of Afl. 500,-, $ 280,- or Naf. 500,- each or more. And the total amount is Afl. 1500.-, $ 840,- or
Naf. 1500.- or more.
Is your sentence completed? Then you can only become a Dutch citizen again after a period of 5 years. During this period you may not be convicted of a crime. We call this the rehabilitation period. The rehabilitation period starts after the end of your sentence or after you have paid the amount in full.
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Applying for option outside the Netherlands
open minusDo you want to apply for Dutch citizenship outside the Netherlands through option? You are only eligible for option if you used to have Dutch nationality and wish to regain it. There are also certain situations if you are a minor and paternity has been acknowledged by a Dutch citizen after 1 April 2003 but before 1 March 2009. Read information about becoming Dutch through option.
Applying for naturalisation and option outside the Netherlands
The authority to which you apply for naturalisation or option depends on where you live.
- Abroad: Dutch embassy or consulate.
- Aruba, Curaçao or Sint Maarten: Cabinet of the Governor.
- Bonaire, Sint Eustatius or Saba: counter of the IND Carribean Netherlands.
Decision on your application
Are you applying for naturalisation? Your application will be sent to the IND in the Netherlands. Are you applying in Aruba, Curaçao or Sint Maarten? Then the authority to which you apply will also give an advice to the IND about the assessment. The IND will process the application and makes a decision.
Are you applying for option? Your application will be processed by the Dutch embassy or consulate, the Cabinet of the Governor or the IND Caribbean Netherlands unit. The relevant organisation will make a decision. The IND in the Netherlands will not be involved in the assessment of your application.
A positive decision means approval of your application for becoming Dutch. A negative decision means rejection of your application for becoming Dutch.
See also
Brochure How to become a Dutch citizen abroad (only available in Dutch)
Brochure
Brochure How to become Dutch. The procedure in Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (only available in Dutch)
The referenced media source is missing and needs to be re-embedded.Brochure How to become Dutch. The procedure in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten (only available in Dutch)
The referenced media source is missing and needs to be re-embedded.Brochure Civic Integration Exam: requirement for naturalisation abroad (only available in Dutch)
Brochure You become Dutch. What do you may and need to know? (only available in Dutch)
- Questions and answers on Dutch nationality (in Dutch only on rijksoverheid.nl)
Rules and regulations
- Chapter 3 Netherlands Nationality Act (in Dutch: Hoofdstuk 3 Rijkswet op het Nederlanderschap) (only available in Dutch)
- Chapter 4 Netherlands Nationality Act (in Dutch: Hoofdstuk 4 Rijkswet op het Nederlanderschap) (only available in Dutch)
- Article 28 Netherlands Nationality Act (in Dutch: Artikel 28 Rijkswet op het Nederlanderschap) (only available in Dutch)
- Implementation Guidelines for option/naturalisation requests abroad (in Dutch: Circulaire voor Optie/Naturalisatieverzoeken in het buitenland) (only available in Dutch)
- Implementation Guidelines Netherlands Nationality Act 2003 for Aruba (in Dutch: Handleiding Rijkswet op het Nederlanderschap 2003 toegespitst op het gebruik in Aruba) (only available in Dutch)
- Implementation Guidelines Netherlands Nationality Act 2003 for Curaçao and St Maarten (in Dutch: Handleiding voor de toepassing van de Rijkswet op het Nederlanderschap 2003 toegespitst op het gebruik in Curaçao en Sint Maarten) (only available in Dutch)
Responsible organisation
Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst
Questions?
